Wrench



(No Model.) vv H. P. CHRISTENSEN 82; H. NELSON. WRENCH.

No. 478,405. Patented July 5, 1892.

KL mull ATTORNEYJ:

ms NORRIS PETERS 00., mow-mum, WASHINGTON, v, c,

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIcE.

HANS P. CHRISTENSEN AND HANS NELSON, OF MARINETTE, WISCONSIN.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 478,405, dated July 5, 1892.

Application filed January 15, 1892. Serial No. 418,176. (No model.)

- vented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in.

the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanylng drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Our invention relates to that class of ratchet-wrenches in which the nut to which it is applied can be turned to right or left; and our object is to provide a more conven- 1ent and desirable device than those heretofore used. I

To this end our invention consists in the peculiar features and combinations of parts more fully described hereinafter, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a top view of my complete device; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a top view with the cap removed to show the ratchet mechanism; Figs. 4 and 5, views of details.

The reference numeral 1 represents the curved handle portion of our wrench, 2 the head portion, and 3 a removable cap. The latteris fastened to the head portion by means of a pair of transverse arms 4, cast integral with the cap and fitting within grooves 5, so as to lie flush witli the outer surface. The ends of these arms are provided with holes 6, which receive a locking-pin 7, lying in a groove 8 in the head-section. Both the head portion 2 and cap 3 are enlarged and provided with registering circular orifices 9 and 9, which receive a revoluble nut-socket 10. This socket is preferably cast in one integral piece, and an annular series of raised ratchet-teeth 11 .are formed onits periphery. A space 12 is left between the head 2 and cap 3 to receive these ratchet-teeth, which are of a peculiar shape. They have an oblong .curved outer surface, over which the nose of a spring-pawl 13 slides. The opposite ends 14: of each tooth are out inwardly to form a recessed end for the reception of the pawl in the operation of revolving the socket, and between the adjacent ends of each tooth is a raised portion 15, which receives the end of the pawl to assist it over the succeeding ratchet-tooth. In the center of one of the ratchet-teeth is made a hole, which receives a radial tu rn-pin 16, having a head 17, provided with a transverse open slot 18. This pin is held in place by a U-shaped locking-piece19, the prongs of which project inward, and a transverse pin 20 looks the locking-piece to thepin. The prongs are provided for the purpose of easily turning the pin from the inside of the revoluble socket 10. The opposite ends of the socket project beyondthe outer faces of the head portion of the wrench and have angular recesses 22 to receive a nut or bolt. A removable jaw 23 is placed Within the interior of the nut-socket l0 and is provided with a central orifice 241, through which the lockingpiece and pin pass. This removable jaw is provided with a pair of openings 25, registering with the head of the pin 20, so that the latter can be removed when desired. The head portion 2 is provided with a recess 26, registering with a similar recess 27 in the cap 3, the two forming a chamber, within which the pawl 13 operates. This pawl is pivoted on a stud 28, and in the tail of the pawl is fastened a flat spring 29, adapted to press on either wall of the chamber, the pawl being pivoted midwaybetween the two walls, so that the spring will be just as effective, no matter which way the pawl is pointed. The cap 3 is made still more secure by a turn-button 30, movable within a depression 31 and adapted to pass through a slot 32 in taking the cap off or putting it on.

A description of the preferredconstruction of our device having been set forth, we will 7 tion of rotation without turning the wrench over, it can be done by giving the turn-pin a quarter-turn, so that the slot in the headw'ill lie parallel with the axis of the socket and let the nose of the pawl enter and reverse, in which act it is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

The socket can be provided with, various interior forms to apply to bars, bolts, or other articles to be rotatcd,and it is further apparent that our invention could be varied in many slight ways that might suggest themselves to a skilled mechanic. Therefore, we do not limit ourselves tothe exact construction herein shown,but consider ourselves entitled to all such variations as come within the spirit and scope of our invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Let'- ters Patent, is-- 1. In aratchet-wrench, the combination of a head portion and removable cap, both provided with registering-opening's, a revoluble nut-socket fitting in said openings, a turn-pin teeth and a turn-pin, in combination with a reversing-pawl, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

HANS P. CHRISTENSEN. HANS NELSON. Vitnesses:

NELS CHRIS/BENSON, GEORGE HEMMINGSEN. 

